Human In The World II
Human In The World II
The question that then arises regarding God's authority and human autonomy is the extent to which God's authority is in humans and to what extent is God's delegation to humans? To answer the question of God's authority, there are basically two approaches. First, humans are described as creatures who only follow all of God's provisions that have been outlined. In this case, humans are seen as robots that are controlled by a remote control. Second, humans are described as fully autonomous beings, where God's authority exists without limitations and limitations.
The two approaches above, in the realm of religious philosophy, can be broken down into two concepts which state the relationship between God and humans in terms of the nature of God's absolute power and human freedom. The first concept says that God is almighty, humans are not free to will and do. Human actions are actually acts of God. This concept in Arabic literature is called Jabariah, which comes from Arabic, which means Jabara. This word then becomes Jabariah understanding. In English it is called predestination (fatalism).
Humans in this flow can be analogous to a racing car that moves when moved by a remote control controlled by someone who holds the remote control. Judging from God's absolute power, the Jabariah sect does not contradict the understanding of God's absolute power and will. However, in terms of human freedom, this understanding raises quite a complicated problem, such as what is the meaning of sin and reward in religion if human actions are not essential, while what is essential is God's act.
The second concept, human action is intrinsic, not figurative. Humans have the freedom to act, whereas God only plays a role in creating the nature of that freedom power in humans. The use of the power of freedom itself is left to humans.
This second concept, in English is usually known as free will. When faced with the understanding of God's absolute will and power. This understanding seems to limit God's absolute power. God is no longer free to act freely because He is bound by the laws that have been assigned to humans, as God cannot revoke the nature of freedom that has been given to humans or change the reward for bad people and torture good people.
The contradiction of the first and second views as well as the two concepts in the philosophy of religion implies the birth of a third view which is a bargaining chip of the two views and concepts. Humans in this case, are described as being autonomous with limitations. In other words, man is free in his attachments, and bound in his freedom.
In the context of God's delegation to humans, God equips humans with the nature of knowledge. The nature of this knowledge was first given to Adam, especially in matters of earth management which was embodied in God's dialogue with angels in the process of human creation. Adam by God in the process of his creation was equipped with the perfection of knowledge that differentiates Adam (humans) from other God's creatures such as angels and jinn.